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Russian economic policy and industrial strategy were key domestic themes. President Vladimir Putin stated the country's GDP grew by 1% in 2025, characterizing the slowdown as a man-made issue while also addressing concerns about declining investment. He chaired a meeting of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, proposing a competition for technology brands and emphasizing infrastructure for new residential areas. Dmitry Medvedev stated Russia is not doing enough in microelectronics, announcing plans for forums to address national tasks and preserve technological gains amid sanctions. A report noted Russian oil is trading at its largest discount since 2023 due to those sanctions. In business developments, Russia's largest hotel operators decided to stop working with Yandex Travel. Separately, a Russian diplomat stated the BRICS group is developing a new exchange for trading precious metals. Government spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said foreign brands that left Russia will inevitably return and called for monitoring rising utility tariffs.
International developments were dominated by sanctions and trade diplomacy. The United States removed a 25% tariff on India after India agreed to stop buying Russian oil, a deal confirmed by the White House. Russian officials stated they were unaware of any such agreement from India, asserting New Delhi is free to choose its suppliers. The European Union proposed its 20th package of sanctions against Russia, aiming for a permanent ban on Russian oil and measures against crypto transactions, but Hungary blocked its approval. In response, Estonia reopened discussions on using frozen Russian assets for Ukraine. Russia announced it will suspend flights to Cuba, blaming US sanctions for cutting off fuel supplies. Meanwhile, Russia is strengthening its economic relationship with China, with the government approving a deal for joint LNG projects. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy expressed concern over a reported massive Russian economic pitch to the United States. Regionally, Belarus and Russia's Republic of Tatarstan signed a new cooperation plan aiming to increase trade.
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Trump signed an executive order removing a 25% penalty tariff on India. The order stated that India had 'committed' to stop importing oil from Russia and would instead purchase oil from the United States and other sources, including Venezuela. Indian officials, including Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar, responded by emphasizing that energy security and national interests guide their decisions. They stated that India is 'wedded to strategic autonomy' and will buy oil from any supplier based on market dynamics. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Moscow had not heard from India about stopping purchases and that India is free to buy oil from any country. The U.S. action was framed as part of a broader trade deal. A U.S. fact sheet and some U.S. officials said India earned the tariff relief by recalibrating its Russian oil trade. Data shows India's imports of Russian oil have declined but have not stopped.
Trump signed an executive order removing a 25% penalty tariff on India. The order stated that India had 'committed' to stop importing oil from Russia and would instead purchase oil from the United States and other sources, including Venezuela. Indian officials, including Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar, responded by emphasizing that energy security and national interests guide their decisions. They stated that India is 'wedded to strategic autonomy' and will buy oil from any supplier based on market dynamics. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Moscow had not heard from India about stopping purchases and that India is free to buy oil from any country. The U.S. action was framed as part of a broader trade deal. A U.S. fact sheet and some U.S. officials said India earned the tariff relief by recalibrating its Russian oil trade. Data shows India's imports of Russian oil have declined but have not stopped.
Russia carried out a large-scale attack on Ukraine's energy infrastructure, damaging power plants and heating facilities. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said all of Ukraine's power plants were damaged, and officials in Kyiv warned residents could have only 4 to 6 hours of electricity daily in February. Zelenskyy accused Russia of exploiting a pause in attacks on energy targets and said the strikes would force Ukraine to adjust its approach to peace negotiations. The attacks left thousands of people without power during freezing temperatures, with reports of deaths from hypothermia. Zelenskyy stated Russia was largely observing an 'energy ceasefire' ahead of planned talks, but later said Russia was 'not ready' for such a truce. Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte visited a damaged energy site in Kyiv as repair crews worked to restore power.
Hungary and Slovakia are threatening to withhold European Union aid and cut electricity supplies to Ukraine. The dispute centers on the Druzhba oil pipeline, which normally carries Russian oil through Ukraine to these countries. Ukraine has halted the flow, citing damage from military strikes. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán has threatened to veto a 90-billion-euro EU loan package for Ukraine. Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico has warned he will stop emergency electricity supplies to Ukraine. Both leaders accuse Ukraine of deliberately blocking the pipeline and demand it be reopened. Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has invited Fico for talks. The EU has called for an emergency meeting and a joint investigation into the pipeline's status. Slovakia says Ukraine has further delayed giving a date for when oil deliveries will resume.
Russia's largest hotel operators have decided to stop working with Yandex Travel, the travel booking service from the tech giant Yandex. This is a significant business development for the company's services division. Separately, in the Saratov region, authorities plan to introduce contactless fare payment through the Yandex Go app for public transport. Meanwhile, Yandex Taxi has explained how it forms prices for rides during bad weather conditions.
Russia's oil industry is dealing with conflicting developments. On one hand, Western sanctions and price caps have significantly reduced the country's oil and gas revenue, which reportedly halved in January compared to a year ago. Reports also indicate some Russian oil shipments are being seized and that a large smuggling operation was exposed. At the same time, Russian companies and officials are announcing new projects and deals. Gazprom Neft announced a major new oil discovery in the Yamal region, described as the largest in 30 years, and another large Arctic discovery was reported. Russia is also offering increased discounts on oil to India, a major buyer, after losing its status as India's top supplier. A fire was reported at a Russian oil refinery following an attack.
The European Union is proposing a new, broad package of sanctions aimed at weakening Russia's oil and gas revenues. The plan includes measures to ban more Russian oil and target ports in countries like Georgia and Indonesia that are handling Russian oil. Hungary, which has opposed previous energy sanctions, is strongly criticizing the new proposal and has filed a lawsuit against the EU's existing ban on Russian energy. The EU is also seeking input from the G7 group of nations on its price cap policy before finalizing the new sanctions.
Several major developments are happening in the global oil market at the same time. Chevron is moving to acquire a major oilfield in Iraq from Russia's Lukoil, while the European Union has failed to get support from the US and other G7 nations for new restrictions on Russian oil. Separately, there is significant focus on India's oil purchases. Some reports say Indian refiners are avoiding Russian oil to help secure a trade deal with the US, while a US fact sheet states India is committed to stopping these purchases. However, other reports and commentary question whether India can realistically replace the large volume of oil it gets from Russia. An Indian official has stated that energy security is the country's supreme priority.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says Russia has pitched a massive $12 trillion economic deal to the United States. He expressed concern that the U.S. might be preparing to do business with Russia while military strikes in Ukraine continue. Separately, a Russian diplomat said the U.S. understands the attractiveness of the Russian market, and a U.S. lawmaker highlighted the need to discuss trade and normalizing relations with Russia. Russian officials are also scheduled for meetings in Geneva on economic cooperation.
Belarus and Russia's Republic of Tatarstan have signed a new cooperation plan for 2026-2027 and outlined joint agricultural projects. Officials, including Belarusian official Karankevich, said they aim to increase annual trade between the two sides to $1.5-2 billion. Separately, Belarus presented a new graphical symbol for its national currency, the Belarusian ruble, in the capital city of Minsk. A flight from Moscow to Minsk was also canceled due to restrictions at Moscow's Sheremetyevo Airport.
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